{"id":7217,"date":"2026-07-25T16:05:02","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T16:05:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/?p=7217"},"modified":"2026-07-25T16:05:02","modified_gmt":"2026-07-25T16:05:02","slug":"cyclospora-outbreaks-start-with-human-contamination-nobody-has-ever-been-able-to-figure-out-how","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/?p=7217","title":{"rendered":"Cyclospora outbreaks start with human contamination. Nobody has ever been able to figure out how"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div>\n<p>\n            As cases of explosive diarrhea continue to rise across the US this summer, health officials are grappling with a longstanding question about the tiny parasite that\u2019s behind all this torment: Just how the heck is poop getting into our food?\n    <\/p><p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/?p=7211\">After being \u2018bamboozled by Russian propaganda,\u2019 Laura Loomer says she\u2019s all in for Ukraine<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n            The appalling truth about cyclospora is that humans are its lone source. It\u2019s only ever been found in human feces. So if it\u2019s in our food or water, \u201cit doesn\u2019t take a rocket scientist or a microbiologist to overthink this,\u201d said Dr. Mark Moorman, who recently retired as director of the Office of Food Safety at the US Food and Drug Administration. \u201cHumans are the source.\u201d\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            And here\u2019s another unsettling thing about cyclospora: Investigators have never definitively identified the cause of an outbreak.\n    <\/p>\n<div>\n<header>\n<span>\n      Related article\n    <\/span>\n<\/header>\n<section>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"cyclosporiasis-1.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-7215\" height=\"144\" src=\"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/aec1b418fd1a73a58b7f28160c0091b0.jpg\" width=\"256\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption>CNN<\/figcaption>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\n<span>Tracking the largest cyclosporiasis outbreak in the US<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<div>6  min read<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n            In several cases, they\u2019ve found some strong suggestive evidence that puts cyclospora close to produce growing or processing, but they\u2019ve never identified how the poop is entering the agricultural system in the first place.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            That question is becoming more pressing, however, as the US contends with its largest ever cyclospora caseload, which has swelled to more than 11,500 confirmed and suspected cases across 41 states, according to the CDC.\n    <\/p>\n<div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n            These are cases that were acquired in the US, rather than from travel abroad, which makes this year unusual.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cTypically, we only see 2,000 to 4,000 a year, so this is a pretty big spike,\u201d said Dr. Keith Schneider, a professor of food safety at the University of Florida. Generally, about 1 in 5 is acquired during international travel.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Cases of cyclospora tend to rise during the summer months. This year, the FDA has launched investigations into six outbreaks. The largest of these is a nine-state outbreak in the Midwest believed to belinked to iceberg lettuce grown in Mexico. The FDA recently announced that it is looking into another cluster of 72 related cases that doesn\u2019t yet have a known source.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cWe\u2019ve not seen anything like this,\u201d said Dr. Kali Kniel, a professor of microbial food safety at the University of Delaware. Typically, the US might investigate one or two outbreaks of cyclosporiasis each year. \u201cI think we\u2019re looking at an unusual year with multiple outbreaks happening at the same time.\u201d\n    <\/p>\n<div>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/playlist.megaphone.fm?e=WMHY1869505386\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\n        The search for a \u2018smoking gun\u2019\n<\/h2>\n<p>\n            Many times, these investigations close without \u2013 shall we say \u2013 solid leads.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cWe just don\u2019t have much in the way of success stories to say, \u2018Ah, got it, smoking gun,\u2019 \u201d Moorman said.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            In 2013, for example, an FDA investigation into a cyclosporiasis outbreak linked to salad mix processed by Taylor Farms de Mexico failed to find the parasite in its testing  that the medical records of harvesting workers showed that they had taken antidiarrheal medications or the combination antibiotics that are used to treat cyclosporiasis. Those medications can be used for other reasons too, however, and no diagnoses were recorded in the records that were inspected by the FDA.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Cyclospora outbreaks are difficult to investigate in large part because of the parasite itself. People who ingest tainted food or water don\u2019t get sick right away. It can take up to two weeks for the cramping, nausea, watery diarrhea and bloating to start. By the time people realize that their symptoms aren\u2019t going away and seek medical attention, it may be three weeks to a month after exposure.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Lab testing a stool sample to confirm the illness also takes time. Then, the case has to be reported to a local health department, which has to call the person to interview them about what they might have been exposed to.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Most people are notoriously bad at recalling what they ate for breakfast, let alone what they may have eaten a month ago, so contact tracers often pull in electronic records from shopper cards and bank statements to help fill in the picture. All that data must then be analyzed to look for a common exposure.\n    <\/p>\n<div>\n<header>\n<span>\n      Related article\n    <\/span>\n<\/header>\n<section>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Man selecting a packaged salad from a refrigerated shelf in the produce aisle of a supermarket. The image captures a routine grocery shopping moment focused on fresh and ready-to-eat vegetables, highlighting healthy food choices, consumer decision making and everyday retail activity in a modern store environment.\" class=\"wp-image-6229\" height=\"144\" src=\"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/1eec834c368be0d89df3ccc9e5c2d1cd.jpg\" width=\"256\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<span>Man selecting a packaged salad from a refrigerated shelf in the produce aisle of a supermarket. The image captures a routine grocery shopping moment focused on fresh and ready-to-eat vegetables, highlighting healthy food choices, consumer decision making and everyday retail activity in a modern store environment.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption>Nico De Pasquale\/Moment RF\/Getty Images<\/figcaption>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\n<span>An outbreak of diarrhea from a parasite is surging. Here\u2019s what to eat and what to avoid<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<div>6  min read<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n            This summer, iceberg lettuce stood out as the most likely suspect in the largest outbreak, but several other clusters still don\u2019t have a suspected source.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Most of this work is done by state health departments, and in the case of a multistate outbreak like this one, state health departments working in conjunction with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            After the CDC feels confident that its data points to a source, agency experts turn the investigation over to the FDA. The FDA then traces the food back to a supplier and ultimately to the farms that grew it. A team will do an environmental assessment, where the investigators walk a farm and take thousands of samples of soil, water and produce for testing.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            By the time FDA inspectors actually make it to a farm, however, the outbreak is usually over.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cAll of that time is really tricky,\u201d said Dr. Kali Kniel, a professor of microbial food safety at the University of Delaware.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cBy the time you do that, these products with shelf lives are gone, and they\u2019re not being grown or harvested anywhere,\u201d said Kniel, who teaches a class in outbreak investigation.\n    <\/p>\n<h2>\n        \u2018Water is number one\u2019\n<\/h2>\n<p>\n            It\u2019s rare for lab tests to ever find cyclospora parasites in the environment. But they did in 2020, during an investigation into Fresh Express bagged salad kits that were linked to more than 700 cyclosporiasis cases across 14 states that summer.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Many food safety experts feel that these detections were the nearest anyone has come to pinpointing the source of an outbreak.\n    <\/p><p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/?p=7205\">Inside the world of Gen Z political influencers, where the money is messy, but the work keeps coming<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cIt\u2019s about the closest that I\u2019m aware of, where we had a clue, and it\u2019s where in canal water we pulled up the cyclospora pathogen,\u201d said Moorman, who oversaw the investigation for the FDA.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            The Fresh Express salad kits contained iceberg lettuce, carrots and red cabbage, leading to investigations into multiple farms that grew the vegetables. Eventually, the FDA conducted a full environmental assessment at a farm in Florida that grew red cabbage for the mix. The agency\u2019s testing identified cyclospora in two samples taken from a canal that the farm used for irrigation.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            But lab testing for cyclospora is complex, as the FDA acknowledged in a warning letter to Fresh Express.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cGiven the emerging nature of genetic typing methodologies for this parasite, the FDA has been unable to determine conclusively if the Cyclospora detected in the canal is the cause of this outbreak,\u201d agency staff wrote.\n    <\/p>\n<div>\n<header>\n<span>\n      Related article\n    <\/span>\n<\/header>\n<section>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A boy's hand picks up a broccoli in a salad plate.\" class=\"wp-image-7216\" height=\"144\" src=\"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/1f1afd93756586e291515db93c397990.jpg\" width=\"256\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<span>A boy&#8217;s hand picks up a broccoli in a salad plate.<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<figcaption>Kunlathida Petchuen\/iStockphoto\/Getty Images<\/figcaption>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\n<span>Many kids don\u2019t eat enough veggies. Amid a parasite outbreak in the US, what\u2019s a parent to do?<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<div>7  min read<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n            \u201cHowever, water and soil contaminated with fecal matter may act as a vehicle of transmission for C. cayetanensis infection,\u201d the FDA said.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Fresh Express did not respond to CNN\u2019s request for comment on the FDA\u2019s testing.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Even with the test results, Moorman said, they were never able to figure out how feces might have been getting into the canal in the first place.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Most experts believe that water contaminated with cyclospora is the vehicle that puts the parasite on produce.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cWater is number one,\u201d said Dr. Jennifer McEntire, a microbiologist who consults with food companies on their safety practices. \u201cNow, how that water gets contaminated with human fecal material is another question.\u201d\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            It\u2019s not likely that anyone is using the bathroom directly into irrigation water, McEntire says, but unintentional contamination of water could be a factor.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Most farms supply portable toilets or bathroom trailers to workers in the fields. Could waste emptied from those have ended up in the canal? Did a septic tank in the area leak or break, allowing waste to seep in? Did heavy rainfall cause a sewer system to overflow?\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            McEntire said it\u2019s possible that sick workers might spread the parasite as they handle food, but she thinks that\u2019s less likely.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            It\u2019s difficult for her to imagine that one sick person or even a harvest crew could contaminate so much produce that it would make this many people ill, she said.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cBut that\u2019s the other route, a slightly more direct route, going back to the people themselves versus the water.\u201d\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Moorman felt like it was enough evidence to urge the members of the Florida Fruit &amp; Vegetable Association to do more testing of irrigation water and produce during the growing season.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            But that\u2019s all he could do.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            There\u2019s no law or rule that requires farms to test irrigation water or produce for cyclospora, Moorman said.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cIt\u2019s voluntary,\u201d he said. With few exceptions, \u201cwe don\u2019t have those levers at the FDA.\u201d\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            Big companies that purchase produce, such as Kroger, Food Lion or Costco, could require their suppliers to test for it, he said, and that might help prevent outbreaks.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            The government could also pass laws to require testing for cyclospora and could allocate more funding to research this parasite and the infection it causes.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            For her part, Kniel, at the University of Delaware, says she\u2019s just glad that people are finally paying attention.\n    <\/p>\n<p>\n            \u201cI\u2019ve actually asked every year when there are 2,000 cases of this, \u2018Why does no one care? Why are we not talking about it?\u2019\u201d\n    <\/p><p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/?p=7193\">Maine Democrats are poised to pick their Senate nominee at an unusual party convention<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As cases of explosive diarrhea continue to rise across the US this summer, health officials are grappling with a longstanding question about the tiny parasite that\u2019s behind all this torment: Just how the heck is poop getting into our food?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7212,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cyclospora outbreaks start with human contamination. Nobody has ever been able to figure out how - Relocation Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/relocationtimess.com\/?p=7217\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cyclospora outbreaks start with human contamination. 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